Rice

Rice (Oryza Sativa) is a plant of the grass family which feeds more than half of the world's human population. Rice cultivation is well suited to poor countries because - though it is very labor-intensive to cultivate - with plenty of water for irrigation it can be grown practically anywhere, even on steep hillsides. Rice is the world's third largest crop, behind maize and wheat.

VARIETIES OF RICE

There are about 40,000 varieties of rice. Some types of Specialty Rice are:

  • Basmati Rice
  • Kalijira Rice
  • Para Rice
  • Rissotto
  • Lousiana Rice
  • Red Rice
  • Black Rice
  • Carolina Rice
  • Jasmine Rice
  • Arboria Rice
  • Della Rice
  • Texamati
  • Wehani

Indian rice varieties include

  • LongGrained Basmati (Grown in the North)
  • Medium Grained Patna – Ponny Rice
  • Short-Grained Masoori – Sona Masoori / Samba Masoori
  • Long Grain Coarse Variety – IR 64.

India in World Rice Industry
India produces about 80 Million Metric Tonnes of Rice annually.
Country 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Thailand 6,679 6,549 7,521 7,500 7,500
India 2,752 1,449 1,936 4,500 4,000
Vietnam 4,555 3,370 3,528 2,800 3,500
United States 2,644 2,847 2,541 2,950 2,950
China 2,708 2,951 1,847 1,500 2,250
Burma 57 159 670 1,500 1,500
Pakistan 1,838 2,026 2,417 1,250 800
Uruguay 681 642 806 650 650
Australia 667 617 618 400 500
Egypt 320 500 705 500 500
EU 348 308 275 275 325
Argentina 674 332 363 350 300
Guyana 652 167 175 150 175
Others 766 929 1,051 624 614
  • Units : Thousand metric tons Factors Influencing Rice Markets
  • Enterprise capacities : Management capacity, organization of export trade, linkages and market presence
  • Transport and Storage: Transport conditions and cost are particularly sensitive factors for ACP exports, especially for the numerous land-locked and island countries. Organizing logistics is a core competency for most exporters from ACP countries.
  • Government policies : Exchange rates, Fiscal policies, Export incentives and export promotion
All-India Area, Production And Yield Of Rice
State-Wise Area, Production And Yield Of Rice.
State Area % Area Prod. % Prod. Yield % Cov.
1 2 3 4 5 6 12
AP 3.5 8.1 8.51 10.3 2431 94.8
Assam 2.49 5.7 3.38 4.1 1359 33.8
Bihar 4.98 11.5 6.77 8.2 1362 40.2
Gujarat 0.67 1.5 1.04 1.3 1550 55.6
Haryana 0.91 2.1 2.55 3.1 2797 99.4
JK 0.28 0.6 0.55 0.7 1992 91.2
Karnataka 1.38 3.2 3.33 4 2419 66.8
Kerla 0.4 0.9 0.66 0.8 1636 49.9
MP 5.4 12.4 4.49 5.5 931 23.7
Maharastra 1.48 3.4 2.39 2.9 1621 26.3
Orissa 4.5 10.4 6.2 7.5 1380 35.5
Punjab 2.28 5.3 7.9 9.6 3465 99.1
TN 2.56 5.4 7.05 8.6 2987 92
UP 5.66 13 12.17 14.8 2148 62.3
WB 5.9 13.6 13.24 16.1 2243 27.2
Others 1.23 2.8 2.7 2.5    
All India 43.42 100 82.3 100 18.95 50.1
World Rice Supply and Disposition
  97-98 98-99 99-00 00-01 01-02 02-03 97-01
Beg.Stocks 115.6 122.5 128.8 142.92 137.58 -3.7 129.48
Production 386.8 394 408.4 395.63 395.71 396.11
Total Supply 502.4 516.5 537.2 538.55 533.29 -1 525.59
Total Usage 379.9 387.8 398.52 400.97 405.86 1.2 394.61
Ending Stocks 122.5 128.8 142.92 137.58 127.44 -7.4 113.85
Stocks/Use% 32.2 33.2 35.9 34.3 31.4 -8.5 33.4
Trade 18.85 27.67 24.93 22.87 22.26 -2.7 23.32
  • Rice is the second largest produced cereal in the world.
  • At the beginning of the 1990s, annual production was around 350 million tons.
  • By the end of the century it had reached 410 million tons.
  • World production totaled 395 million tons of milled rice in 2003.
  • In 2002 it was 387 million tons.
  • Production is geographically concentrated in Western and Easter Asia with more than 90 percent of world output. China and India, which account
  • for more than one-third of global population (52,3% over the 1999-2003 period), supply over half of the world's rice. Brazil is the most important non-Asian producer, followed by the United States. Italy ranks first in Europe.
  • World production has shown a significant and very steady growth, almost exclusively due to increasing production in Western and Eastern Asia.
Export and Import of Rice and its policies

International rice trade is estimated between 25 and 27 million tons per year, which corresponds to only 5-6 percent of world production. It makes the international rice market one of the smallest in the world compared to other grain markets such as wheat (113 million tons) and corn (80 million tons).

Besides the traditional main exporters (Thailand, Vietnam, India and Pakistan), a relatively important but still limited part of rice traded worldwide comes from developed countries in Mediterranean Europe and the United States. There are two major forces behind this: new food habits in developed countries and new market niches in developing countries.

The chart below denotes the importance of rice production and international trading in the major exporting and importing countries, as well as their trading policies.
Exporting countries Share of paddy rice production averate 1995 to 2002 Shares world emports, every type of rice average from 1995 to 2002 Trading Policies
Thailand 4,2 % 26% Subsidy to exports Domestic price support through governmental purchases and buffer stocks/seasonal storage
Vietnam 5% 15% Minimum export price fixed by the governmentMinimum domestic price
India 22% 10% Production support. Purchases bove the minimum price. Exports tax or incentive, depending on the rice volume available in domestic market.
US 1,2% 11% Cf. US rice policy
Major Rice Importing Countries from India.
Major Rice Impo. Countries From India. Share of paddy rice world production avg 1998 - 2002 Shares of world imports, every type of rice avg from 1998 - 2002 Customs Tariff NPF avg 1999 Trading Pol.
Indonesia 8,5% 13,5%
0 0 0
 
European Union 0,4% 3,5% (échanges intra UE exclus) 7,7% (échanges intra UE inclus)
7.7 N.A N.A
Cf.scheme
Brazil 1,7% 3,4%
8,7 13 14
 
Bangladesh 3,4% 4,5%
0 0 0
 
Japan 2,2% 2%
0 0 0
 
China 32% 1%
114 114 114
 
IMMTC is pioneer in exporting high uality Rice both Basmti and Non-Basmati any quantity since they have their own Rice Fiels and Rice Milling Plants with world class technology. If you want to buy any quantity, please don contat us immediately.

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